In the machining process of aluminum cnc precision turned parts, cutting force is an important factor that can not be ignored, which may have a variety of adverse effects on the parts, such as deformation, surface quality degradation and so on. In order to avoid the impact of cutting force on parts, the following measures can be taken:
First, select the appropriate tool and cutting parameters
Tool selection:
Select tools with larger front angle and smaller back angle to reduce the cutting force.
Select tool materials with good wear resistance to reduce the impact of tool wear on the cutting force.
Select appropriate tool type (e.g. end mill, face mill, etc.) according to machining requirements.
Cutting parameter setting:
Cutting speed: The cutting speed should not be too fast to avoid excessive cutting force. At the same time, the selection of cutting speed should consider the characteristics of the tool material and workpiece material.
Feed: too large a feed will lead to an increase in cutting force, should be in the premise of ensuring that the processing efficiency of the premise try to choose a smaller feed.
Depth of cut: the depth of cut is an important factor affecting the cutting force, reduce the depth of cut can significantly reduce the cutting force. In CNC machining, you can use layered multi-processing method, the depth of cut will be divided into multiple processing completed.
Second, optimize the cutting process
Symmetric machining:
For parts with large machining allowances, the use of symmetric machining method can avoid excessive concentration of heat and reduce thermal deformation. For example, for thick plate parts, you can repeatedly feed both sides, so that each side is processed at least twice to the final size.
Layers of multiple machining:
When there are multiple cavities on the part to be processed, the use of layered multiple machining method can make the parts uniform force, reduce deformation. That is, at the same time for all cavities for processing, in a number of levels of processing to the required size.
Reasonable arrangement of the order of tool travel:
Roughing and finishing should be used in a different order of travel. Roughing, the fastest speed, the shortest time to remove the excess material on the surface of the blank; finishing, emphasizing the machining accuracy and surface quality, it is appropriate to use the downstream milling method of processing.
Third, improve the cutting ability of the tool
Optimization of tool geometry parameters:
Appropriately select the tool’s front angle, back angle, helix angle and main deflection angle and other geometric parameters to improve the cutting ability of the tool.
Increase the chip space and reduce the number of milling cutter teeth to reduce the cutting force.
Tool wear control:
Regularly check the tool wear and replace the badly worn tool in time to ensure the stability of the machining process and machining quality.
Fourth, the use of coolant
Large flow rate pouring coolant:
The use of coolant in the cutting process can not only take away the heat and reduce the cutting temperature, but also play a lubricating role to reduce the heat generated by friction, thus reducing thermal deformation.
Fifth, other measures
Elimination of internal stress:
Use natural or artificial aging treatment and other methods to eliminate the internal stress of the blank and reduce the deformation during processing.
Reasonable clamping:
Select the appropriate clamping method and clamping force to avoid deformation of the parts due to excessive clamping force. For thin-walled parts, the method of secondary compression can be used to release the compression force before finishing, so that the parts are free to return to their original state and then re-slightly compressed.
In summary, by selecting suitable tools and cutting parameters, optimizing the cutting process, improving the cutting ability of the tool, using coolant and taking other measures, the impact of cutting force on the machining of aluminum parts can be effectively avoided, and the cnc machining parts quality and efficiency can be improved.
