The tool setting process for CNC machine parts is a critical step designed to establish an accurate positional relationship between the workpiece and the machine. The following are the general steps of tool setting for CNC machine parts:
First, the preparation before tool setting
Workpiece and tool installation:
Correctly install the workpiece on the worktable, and ensure that the workpiece is fixed firmly.
According to the processing requirements, select the appropriate tool and installed on the machine spindle.
Machine Setup:
Start the machine and check that all machine components are functioning properly.
Zero the machine to ensure that the machine coordinate system is in the initial state.
Second, tool setting operation
Tool setting operation has a variety of methods, the following are a few commonly used methods:
Test cut method:
X, Y direction of the tool:
Drive the machine spindle rotation, move the tool holder to the workpiece near the external test cut.
Keep the X coordinate unchanged, move the Z-axis tool away from the workpiece, and measure the diameter of the test cut out of the outer circle.
The CNC machine parts system automatically calculates the position of the X origin of the workpiece coordinate system.
Tool setting in Z direction:
Move the tool to test cut one end face of the workpiece.
Input the height of the end face to the CNC system, the system automatically calculates the position of the Z origin of the workpiece coordinate system.
Plug ruler, standard mandrel, block gauge tool setting method:
Add a gauge such as a plug ruler between the tool and the workpiece to determine the distance between the tool and the workpiece.
Note that the spindle does not rotate in this method and no marks are left on the surface of the workpiece, but the accuracy of tool setting is limited.
Tool setting method with edge finder, eccentric bar and shaft setter:
Use tools such as edge finders, eccentric bars, etc. for tool setting instead of cutting tools.
These tools can improve the efficiency and accuracy of tool setting, but it should be noted that the workpiece should be a good conductor, and the positioning reference surface has a good surface roughness.
Transfer (indirect) tool setting method:
When it is not possible to direct tool setting or zero point is machined off, this method can be used.
Through the tool position of a tool that has been right, indirectly determine the position of the other tool alignment.
Top tool setting method:
Applicable to the need to clamp the workpiece through the fixture occasions.
Use the top instead of the tool, by moving the table and spindle, so that the top close to the center of the workpiece drawing line for tool setting.
Percentage table (or micrometer) tool setting method:
Tool setting with the help of a percentile or micrometer.
The method is simple, but the accuracy is general, commonly used in round workpiece tool setting.
Specialized tool setting tool method:
Use specially designed tool setting device for tool setting.
Usually characterized by high efficiency and high accuracy.
Automatic control system tool setting method:
Utilizing the automatic control system that comes with the machine tool for tool setting.
Easy to operate, high precision.
Third, verification and adjustment after tool setting
Cutting test:
Conduct a cutting test to observe whether the machining results meet the requirements.
Adjust the compensation value according to the machining result to optimize the machining quality.
Coordinate value input:
Enter the calculated coordinate value of the origin of the workpiece coordinate system in the machine coordinate system into the workpiece coordinate system storage address of the machine.
Generally, the G54 to G59 codes are used to store tool setting parameters.
Activate tool setting parameters:
Enter the input mode of the machine tool, enter the code for storing tool setting parameters (such as G54), and activate it to make it effective.
Fourth, precautions
Keep clean:
During the tool setting process, keep the tool and workpiece clean to minimize errors.
Select high-precision tools:
Select high-precision tool setting tools, such as high-precision edge finder, to improve tool setting accuracy.
Reduce human operation:
Minimize the error of human operation, use mechanical or automatic tool setting to improve the accuracy of tool setting.
Regular testing and maintenance:
Regular precision testing and maintenance of CNC machine tools to ensure that the accuracy of the machine itself is stable.
Through the above steps, you can ensure that the tool setting process of CNC machine parts is accurate and reliable, providing a good foundation for subsequent processing.
