Determining the cutting path of NC parts is the key link in NC machining, which directly affects the machining efficiency, machining precision and surface quality. The following is the method of determining the cutting route of CNC parts according to the information organized by high authority sources:
First, basic principles
1. Machining accuracy and surface quality:
– It should be ensured that the parts obtain good machining accuracy and surface quality (such as low roughness), which is the basic principle of determining the cutting route.
2. Shortest route:
– Make the cutting route as short as possible, reduce the number of program segments and empty cutting time to improve processing efficiency.
Second, specific methods
1. Analyze parts drawings:
– Carefully study the parts drawings, understand the shape, size, accuracy requirements, materials and other information of the parts, to provide a basis for determining the cutting route.
2. Select the processing method:
– According to the characteristics and requirements of the parts, select the appropriate processing method (such as turning, milling, drilling, etc.), and determine the processing sequence.
3. Determine the starting point, entry point and cutting method:
– Reasonable selection of starting point, cutting point and cutting mode to ensure smooth cutting process and no impact. The starting point should be as close to the workpiece as possible to reduce the empty cutting stroke.
4. Consider the advance and retreat route of the tool:
– The cutting or entry point of the tool should be on the tangent line along the part profile to ensure that the workpiece profile is smooth. It should be avoided to scratch the surface of the workpiece by cutting vertically up or down the workpiece outline. Minimize the pause in the contour machining cutting process to avoid leaving knife marks.
5. Optimize the path of the knife:
– For complex shaped parts, a combination of a variety of cutting paths can be used, such as line cutting, ring cutting, etc., to optimize the processing effect. The final contour should be arranged to be continuously machined in the last cutting to ensure surface quality.
6. Consider workpiece deformation:
– Select the route that causes the workpiece to deform less after machining. For slender parts or thin sheet parts with small cross-sectional area, the cutting route should be arranged by machining to the final size in several times or by symmetrical removal margin method.
Third, programming and simulation
1. Write processing program:
– Write machining program using CNC programming language according to the determined cutting route.
2. Simulation simulation:
– Before formal processing, the written program is simulated to check the correctness and feasibility of the program. Simulation can detect potential collision, interference and other problems, and timely adjustment and optimization.
Fourth, adjustment in actual processing
1. Real-time monitoring:
– In the actual processing process, it is necessary to monitor the running state and processing effect of the machine tool in real time. If abnormal conditions are found or the machining error exceeds the allowable range, the machine should be stopped in time to check and adjust the cutting route or cutting parameters.
2. Feedback and optimization:
– Optimize and adjust the cutting route according to the actual machining results and feedback information. Through continuous practice and improvement, the processing accuracy and efficiency are gradually improved.
In summary, determining the cutting route of CNC parts needs to consider a number of factors, including parts drawings, processing methods, tool selection, advance and retreat tool routes, workpiece deformation and so on. Through reasonable analysis and optimization, an efficient and accurate cutting route can be worked out to provide strong support for CNC machining.
