Improving the precision of CNC machining of cast iron parts is a comprehensive process, involving machine tools, tools, technology, environment and other aspects. Here are some effective methods:
First, improve the rigidity and stability of the machine tool
Regular maintenance and calibration:
Maintain and calibrate the CNC machine regularly to ensure the accuracy and stability of the machine.
Check and adjust the parts of the machine, such as guide rails, lead screws, bearings, etc., to ensure that they are in the best condition.
Optimize machine Settings:
Adjust the rigidity and stability Settings of the machine according to the machining requirements of cast iron parts.
Avoid using excessive feed and cutting speed in the processing process to reduce the load and deformation of the machine tool.
Second, choose the right tool and cutting parameters
Tool selection:
According to the material and machining requirements of cast iron parts, the appropriate tool material and geometric parameters are selected.
Carbide cutting tools are usually suitable for cast iron processing, with good wear resistance and cutting performance.
Cutting parameters optimization:
Reasonably set parameters such as cutting speed, feed speed and cutting depth to reduce vibration and cutting force in machining.
Proper cutting parameters can improve machining accuracy and surface quality.
Third, optimize the processing technology
Separation of roughing and finishing:
The process route of roughing and finishing is separated to reduce the influence of roughing on finishing.
Most of the margin is removed when roughing, and the size and shape accuracy of the parts are guaranteed when finishing.
Multiple finishing:
In the finishing stage, the strategy of multiple finishing is adopted, such as rough finishing, semi-finishing and finishing, to gradually improve the processing accuracy of parts.
Fourth, use tool compensation technology
Real-time monitoring and adjustment:
Using the tool compensation function of CNC machine tools, real-time monitoring of tool wear and thermal expansion and other states.
According to the wear condition of the tool, the compensation parameters are adjusted in time to ensure the dimensional accuracy and shape accuracy of the workpiece.
Fifth, control the processing environment
Temperature control:
In high precision machining, the control of ambient temperature is very important. Keep the workshop temperature stable to avoid thermal deformation caused by temperature fluctuations.
For extremely high precision workpieces, thermostatic workshops or temperature control equipment can be used.
Reduce vibration and interference:
Take measures to reduce vibration and interference around the machine, such as installing vibration isolation pads and reducing noise sources near the machine.
Sixth, strengthen programming precision management
Precise programming:
In the programming stage, fully consider the machining path, tool radius compensation, feed rate and other factors.
By simulating the machining process, possible errors are discovered in advance and adjusted before the actual machining.
Programmer training:
Regular training for programmers to improve their programming level and skills.
Programmers are encouraged to learn the latest programming techniques and software features to improve the accuracy of CNC programming.
Seventh, reduce the mechanical deformation and thermal deformation of the process system
Improve system stiffness:
The stiffness of the process system is improved by optimizing the structure of the machine tool and strengthening the clamping force.
Especially for the weak links, strengthening measures should be taken to reduce the force deformation.
Thermal deformation control:
Adopt reasonable machine tool component structure and assembly reference to reduce the influence of thermal deformation.
Use coolant and other measures to control the temperature rise during processing.
Eighth, other precautions
Reasonable design of parts structure:
When designing parts, consider their processing performance and accuracy requirements to avoid designing structures that are too complex or difficult to process.
Regular inspection of machine accuracy:
Use professional testing tools to regularly check and adjust the accuracy of the machine tool.
Timely find and solve the problem of machine tool accuracy decline.
Strengthen operator training:
Conduct regular training for operators to improve their operational skills and quality awareness.
Operators are encouraged to learn the latest machining techniques and methods to improve machining accuracy and efficiency.
Through the comprehensive application of the above methods, the precision of CNC machining of cast iron parts can be effectively improved to meet the requirements of high-precision machining.
