The process analysis of NC parts is an important part in NC machining process, which involves the comprehensive consideration of parts machining method, machining sequence, tool selection, cutting parameters and so on. The following are the main contents of CNC parts process analysis organized according to highly authoritative sources:
First, parts drawing analysis
1. Dimensioning method:
– The dimensioning method on the part drawing should adapt to the characteristics of CNC machining, and the size should usually be quoted in the same reference or the coordinate size is directly given to facilitate programming and size coordination.
2. Analysis of geometric elements:
– Analyze whether the geometric elements of the part outline are sufficient to ensure that the part outline can be accurately defined during programming.
3. Analysis of accuracy and technical requirements:
– Analyze the dimensional accuracy, shape accuracy, position accuracy and surface roughness of the parts to ensure that the machining scheme can meet the design requirements.
Second, determine the processing content
1. Select the processing method:
– Select the appropriate machining method (such as turning, milling, drilling, etc.) according to the material, shape, size and accuracy requirements of the part.
2. Divide the processing stage:
– The processing process is usually divided into rough machining, semi-finishing and finishing three stages to gradually improve the processing accuracy and surface quality.
Third, processing sequence and cutting route planning
1. Processing sequence:
– Determine the machining sequence of each surface, usually machining the base surface first, then machining other surfaces; The main surface is processed first, and the secondary surface is processed later. The plane is processed first, and the hole is processed later.
2. Knife route:
– Plan the moving path of the tool during the machining process to ensure the shortest path, reduce the empty tool time and improve the processing efficiency.
Fourth, tool and fixture selection
1. Tool selection:
– According to the processing material, processing method and processing requirements, select the appropriate tool type, specification and material.
2. Fixture selection:
– Select the appropriate fixture to fix the part and ensure the stable and accurate position of the part during processing. The selection of fixtures should consider the shape, size, accuracy requirements and production batch and other factors.
Fifth, cutting parameters to determine
1. Spindle speed:
– Select the right spindle speed according to the tool material and workpiece material to ensure a stable and efficient cutting process.
2. Feed speed:
– Determine the appropriate feed speed according to tool type, workpiece material and machining requirements to ensure machining quality and production efficiency.
3. Back cutting quantity:
– According to machine power, workpiece material and machining requirements, determine the appropriate amount of back cutting to improve machining efficiency.
Sixth, process documentation
1. Preparation of process cards:
– Record the results of process analysis in the form of process cards, including machining methods, machining sequence, tool selection, cutting parameters and other information.
2. Preparation of processing procedures:
– According to the content of the process card, compile the CNC machining program and input it into the CNC system for machining.
Seventh, processing monitoring and adjustment
1. Real-time monitoring:
– In the process of processing, real-time monitoring of the operating status of the machine tool and processing effect, such as abnormal conditions or processing errors beyond the allowable range, should be stopped in time to check and adjust.
2. Adjustment and optimization:
– Adjust and optimize the process plan according to the actual machining results and feedback information to improve the machining accuracy and efficiency.
To sum up, the process analysis of CNC parts is a comprehensive process, which needs to consider multiple factors. Through detailed process analysis, a reasonable and efficient processing scheme can be developed to ensure that the machined parts meet the design requirements.
